Other Logics

• We've brushed over FOPL, but there are lots of other logics.
• Second and Higher Order Logics: FOPL doesn't allow you to pass a function as an argument. Other logics (and functional languages) do.
• Non-Monotonic Logics: These logics can have facts removed. This still has the problem about derived facts, but they can be more closely connected with human thinking than FOPL.
• Multi-Valued Logics: FOPL facts have two possible values (True and False). There are multi-valued logics with three or more values (including infinite). The easiest is a maybe value.
• Temporal Logics: include a time value. In this case, bestTeacher(Chris, Today) and -bestTeacher(Chris, EndOfYear) can both be true. These relate to the Frame problem.