Functions
- We can also have functions like tall(x).
- If x is a constant, this returns true or false.
- If it's a variable, it returns a set (perhaps empty) of all the
constants that are true for this function.
- Note that returning here really depends on the implementation. In
many prologs, the set is returned to the interpretter.
- This gives us a lot of power, because now we've moved to a
potentially infinite number of statements.